ANADOLU UNIVERSITESI SANAT & TASARIM DERGISI-ANADOLU UNIVERSITY JOURNAL OF ART & DESIGN, cilt.7, sa.2, ss.123-145, 2017 (ESCI)
Lithography is a printmaking method of rendering images and text onto stone plates. It spread all over the world shortly after its invention thanks to its superior functionality, richness of visual effects and quick print capabilities. Soon after, it was brought to Istanbul. Adopted by the late Ottoman Empire after flowering of the Europeanization ideals, this method became an important means of visualizing folktales. Ban of imagery was broken thanks to calligraphy refined with eyeful images that lithography has to offer, which made Western sense of painting popular in the Ottoman Empire.