Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
SUSTAINABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES AND ASSESSMENTS, cilt.83, 2025 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
This study presents a comprehensive and forward-looking examination of hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) as a transformative technology for the sustainable conversion of wet biomass particularly microalgae into highenergy-density bio-crude. By mimicking geochemical fossilization processes in accelerated timeframes, HTL offers a scalable, efficient, and environmentally compatible alternative to conventional thermochemical methods. The research explores advanced reaction mechanisms, optimization via co-solvents and catalysts, and process configurations that yield bio-crude with heating values approaching those of petroleum fuels (up to 40 MJ/kg). What distinguishes this work is its systematic focus on wet microalgae organisms with superior lipid productivity and minimal land-use demand processed without prior drying, thus reducing both cost and energy input. Coupled with catalyst-assisted upgrading and the valorization of aqueous and solid co-products, the study aligns closely with the principles of the circular bioeconomy. Experimental findings from the literature demonstrate bio-oil yields as high as 99 %, and energy recoveries above 85 %, depending on strain and operating conditions. This investigation directly addresses the critical global need for decarbonized fuel alternatives and closed-loop resource efficiency, in line with multiple United Nations Sustainable Development Goals: SDG 7: Provides pathways for clean, renewable, and affordable energy from non-fossil resources. SDG 9: Demonstrates industrial applicability of innovative HTL systems, including continuous-flow reactors and integrated energy recovery. SDG 13: Contributes to climate action through carbon capture compatibility and substantial GHG emission reduction. By bridging fundamental thermochemical science with practical engineering strategies and environmental imperatives, this work advances HTL from a promising concept to a cornerstone technology for the next generation of sustainable fuel production systems.