Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
JOURNAL OF THE AUSTRALIAN CERAMIC SOCIETY, 2025 (SCI-Expanded)
This study presents the formulation and evaluation of composite bioinks incorporating synthetic hydroxyapatite (CSHA), sheep-derived hydroxyapatite (SHA), and alumina (Al2O3) for extrusion-based 3D bioprinting of bone scaffolds. Rheological analyses demonstrated shear-thinning behavior, with both CSHA/Al2O3 and SHA/Al2O3 exhibiting comparable viscosity profiles between 400 and 1000 s(-)(1), indicating their suitability for stable extrusion. The bone scaffolds were fabricated using a single-syringe extrusion-based bioprinter. After the printing process, the scaffolds were dried and then immersed in simulated body fluid (SBF) to evaluate their in vitro bioactivity. This immersion process was carried out under static conditions at 36.5 degrees C for 28 days. SEM and EDS analyses revealed denser apatite nucleation on CSHA/Al2O3 scaffolds (Ca/P = 1.33) compared to SHA/Al2O3 (Ca/P = 0.88), confirming enhanced bioactivity. FTIR analysis detected characteristic phosphate and carbonate bands indicative of bone-like apatite formation. Cell viability and cytocompatibility were assessed using MTT and WST-1 assays with L929 fibroblasts and osteoblasts. While fibroblast viability showed no significant difference (p > 0.05), CSHA/Al2O3 scaffolds promoted significantly higher osteoblast viability (p < 0.05). Confocal microscopy confirmed sustained osteoblast proliferation at 36 h. These findings demonstrate that CSHA/Al2O3-based bioinks possess favorable printability, mineralization potential, and osteogenic support, making them strong candidates for future bone tissue engineering applications using ceramic-reinforced bioprinting strategies.