TRANSFORMATION FROM TENT TO ROOM: ROOM OF TRADITIONAL TURKISH HOUSE


DEMİRARSLAN D.

3rd International Conference on Advances in Education and Social Science (ADVED), İstanbul, Türkiye, 9 - 11 Ekim 2017, ss.391-401 identifier

  • Yayın Türü: Bildiri / Tam Metin Bildiri
  • Cilt numarası:
  • Basıldığı Şehir: İstanbul
  • Basıldığı Ülke: Türkiye
  • Sayfa Sayıları: ss.391-401
  • Kocaeli Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

The room has a function of nucleus in the formation of Turkish House which has an important place in the sense of traditional residence features in the world and the planning of this residence begins with room. Therefore this residence is a phenomenon that develops from inner space through outer space. The formation of the room of traditional Turkish house is influenced by various elements. On top of them there come the requirements of nomads and Turkish-Islam life style. The effects of these are clearly observed in the architectural design and decoration of the room which is shaped by the features of traditional life and bestows its design characteristics from nomad tent. Before immigrating to Anatolia from 11th century A. D., Turks have lived mostly a nomadic life in Middle Asia. Therefore, just like in other Middle Asia cultures; Turks have lived in temporary shelters. After settling in Anatolia and before that after accepting Islam; Turks have started to lead a sedentary life and formed a new living culture with the effect of various Anatolian civilizations, notably the Byzantines. In this way, a type of residence which is built in Anatolia, Balkans and Caucasus in the period of Ottoman Empire has emerged. The room of this type of house which lasted from 15th century to the second half of 19th century forms the nucleus of design. It is possible to pursue the traces of nomadic period and Turk-Islam life style as the characteristics of design in the design of this room. In the scope of this study, characteristics of design of the room which forms the design nucleus of traditional Turkish House is studied and similarities and differences with tent which are the shelters of nomadic period are observed in the sense of usage and function. Safranbolu district which is has around 2000 traditional houses and which is recorded in the list of cultural heritage by UNESCO is chosen. Safranbolu is an important settlement which is on the old Silk Road in Anatolia and developed in the period of Ottoman Empire. Through the end of 18th century famous geographer Ibn Sa'id asserted that 100.000 nomads with tents were living in the area in which Safranbolu is also included. Therefore, an important historical characteristic of Safranbolu area is the settlement of nomadic people called "Yoruk" who carried the nomadic living tradition of Middle Asia to Anatolia and reflecting their way of living on their houses. In this sense, Yoruks have great effect on the historical development of the area. Safranbolu houses are chosen for the reasons that they have all the features of a traditional residence; reflect the geographical, economic and social structure of the area on the houses at best and have rich examples in the sense of room design. For this reason, first of all general features of life style in the nomadic period and in the period before the acceptance of Islam and then the effects of these features on the spaces of shelter were studied. In the second process, shelter spaces of nomadic period were observed, in the third process general features of traditional Turkish house were studied, in the fourth process the formation of room in this residence types was studied in the sample of Safranbolu house and finally expressing the similarities and differences between nomadic period shelters and room, elements that influence the formation of room and the results were studied in the light of findings.