Recent advances: effects of variation of additives on the mechanical, thermal, and morphological properties of flame-retardant polymers
Polymer International, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
- Yayın Türü: Makale / Derleme
- Basım Tarihi: 2026
- Doi Numarası: 10.1002/pi.70174
- Dergi Adı: Polymer International
- Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Aerospace Database, Applied Science & Technology Source, Chemical Abstracts Core, Chimica, Compendex, Natural Science Collection (ProQuest), Biological Science Database (ProQuest), Materials Science & Engineering Collection (ProQuest), Technology Collection (ProQuest)
- Anahtar Kelimeler: CPR, fireproof polymers, flame retardancy, fullerene, morphological properties
- Kocaeli Üniversitesi Adresli: Hayır
Özet
This review provides a comprehensive and critical assessment of flame-retardant (FR) systems for thermoplastic polymers, with a particular focus on halogen-free flame retardants (HFFRs) as sustainable alternatives to conventional halogenated compounds. Unlike previous reviews that primarily summarize individual FR classes, this work systematically correlates FR mechanisms with material performance, emphasizing the interplay between additive type, loading level, and polymer matrix. Special attention is given to hydroxide-based inorganic flame retardants, alongside phosphorus- and nitrogen-based systems, highlighting their synergistic effects in intumescent formulations and their role in reducing flammability while maintaining recyclability. In addition, this review comprehensively evaluates fire-resistant polymers, including carbonate mineral-filled systems (e.g. huntite) and wood-based composites, from both structural and flammability perspectives. A key contribution of this study is the integrated analysis of nanoparticle additives – such as nanoclays, carbon nanotubes, graphene, and fullerene (C60) – in enhancing flame retardancy, where their multifunctional roles in improving thermal stability, mechanical performance, and morphological characteristics are critically discussed. Furthermore, this review uniquely consolidates the effects of HFFR additives on physical, mechanical, thermal, and morphological properties, providing a holistic framework for optimizing formulation design. The findings offer practical insights into the development of next-generation, environmentally friendly FR polymer systems. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.