Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
Journal of Water Process Engineering, cilt.77, 2025 (SCI-Expanded)
Electrocoagulation (EC) is an emerging, sustainable water treatment technology that generates coagulants in situ through electrochemical dissolution of sacrificial electrodes, offering high removal efficiency with minimal chemical input. This review critically evaluates recent advances in electrode materials, geometries, and configurations, highlighting their roles in pollutant removal, energy consumption, passivation, and cost. Conventional materials such as aluminum and iron are compared with novel designs—helical, rotating, perforated, ball-type, tubular mesh, and centrifugal—which significantly enhance mass transfer, reduce passivation, and improve pollutant removal (>90–98 %) while lowering energy use by up to 70 %. Mitigation strategies for electrode passivation, such as polarity reversal, magnetic field application, and electrode miniaturization, are analyzed based on recent mechanistic insights. The review also incorporates life cycle assessments (LCA), Pourbaix diagram interpretations, and economic comparisons with chemical coagulation. Optimized electrode setups reduce treatment costs to <$0.20/m3 and environmental emissions. Finally, the valorization potential of EC-generated sludge as catalysts, adsorbents, or membrane materials is explored, aligning with circular economy goals. The review identifies knowledge gaps and offers recommendations for designing scalable, energy-efficient, and cost-effective EC systems for municipal and industrial wastewater treatment.