Calix[4]arene-Pyrene Based On–Off–On Fluorescent Sensor for Sensitive Detection of Triazole Pesticides in Food and Environmental Samples


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GÜNGÖR Ö., Taşci N., Ünaldı A. Ş., Durmuş M.

Food Analytical Methods, cilt.19, sa.2, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus) identifier identifier

  • Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
  • Cilt numarası: 19 Sayı: 2
  • Basım Tarihi: 2026
  • Doi Numarası: 10.1007/s12161-026-03012-z
  • Dergi Adı: Food Analytical Methods
  • Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Compendex, INSPEC
  • Anahtar Kelimeler: Difenoconazole, Fluorescent sensor, Penconazole, Tebuconazole, Tetraconazole
  • Kocaeli Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

In this study, a new fluorescent sensor was occurred from pyrene-substituted calix[4]arene derivatives and its usability in the detection of Cu2+ ions and triazole-based pesticides was investigated. Calix[4]arene derivatives formed complexes that exhibited an "on–off-on" fluorescence response by interacting with pesticides containing triazole groups and showed significant changes in their optical properties. This innovative sensor plays an effective binding role especially for Cu2+ ions and the change in the fluorescence properties of the complexes formed with these ions can be used for the detection of pesticides. In the study, "turn-on–off-on" fluorescence responses were observed as a result of the interaction of calix[4]arene-pyrene complex with triazole-based pesticides (tebuconazole, tetraconazole, penconazole and difenoconazole). In addition, it is emphasized that the sensor is a potential tool for the rapid and sensitive detection of pesticides, which are important in terms of environmental pollution and food safety. The results obtained show that calix[4]arene derivatives have great potential in the detection of environmental pollutants and in the development of optical sensors sensitive to these pollutants.