Central Nervous System Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome During Neutrophil Recovery in Pediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Clinical and Laboratory Observation
Journal of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
- Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
- Basım Tarihi: 2026
- Doi Numarası: 10.1097/mph.0000000000003260
- Dergi Adı: Journal of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology
- Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, EMBASE, MEDLINE
- Anahtar Kelimeler: acute myeloid leukemia, corticosteroid, immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome, neutrophil recovery, pediatric
- Kocaeli Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
Background: – Central nervous system (CNS) immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) is well characterized in HIV but exceedingly rare in pediatric hematologic malignancies. Observation: – An 11.5-year-old girl with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and probable invasive pulmonary mold infection developed an expansive right parieto-occipital lesion with a 14 mm midline shift during neutrophil recovery. Evaluation excluded leukemic infiltration and active infection. Probable CNS IRIS was diagnosed; dexamethasone with continued antifungal therapy produced rapid clinical and radiologic recovery, with sustained AML remission at 29 months. Conclusions: – CNS IRIS should be considered in pediatric AML with unexplained neurological deterioration during neutrophil recovery; timely corticosteroid therapy can be life-saving.