Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 2025 (SCI-Expanded)
Magnéli phase titanium oxides constitute a series of electrically conductive ceramic materials that have gained significant interest for nearly seven decades. Magnéli Ti4O7 is the most investigated among the series for its unique blend of superior electrical conductivity and corrosion resistance. Such qualities of Ti4O7 have found useful applications in materials science, chemistry, physics, and environmental engineering. Ti4O7 materials are usually synthesized through the thermal reduction of TiO2 with hydrogen, carbon, metals, or metal hydrides under atmospheric and time control. Ti4O7 materials produced through carbothermal, metallothermic, and H2, exhibit significantly higher electrical conductivity than those synthesized via sol–gel and metal hydrides techniques. They are typically used as anodic electrodes or reactive electrochemical membranes (REMs) in advanced electrochemical water treatment processes. Ti4O7 anodes and REMs have demonstrated better pollutant removal efficiency and electrochemical stability than dimensionally stable anode (DSA) electrodes and are comparable to the expensive boron-doped diamond (BDD) anodes, making them cost-effective substitutes. However, they suffer mass and charge transfer resistance limitations attributed to a thick boundary layer, which significantly affects the generation of oxidative species and their electrocatalytic activity. Recent research is focused on developing Ti4O7 materials with enhanced catalytic and stability properties, through synthesis process optimization, nanostructuring, controlled defect engineering, doping, and composite fabrication.