Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
Science of the Total Environment, cilt.1015, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
Micropollutants (MPs), such as pharmaceuticals, pesticides, endocrine disruptors, dyes, and industrial chemicals, persist through conventional wastewater treatment, necessitating advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) that can generate high-valence radicals (radOH, SO4rad−, Clrad). This review provides an updated and critical synthesis of AOP developments from 2019 to 2025, with explicit emphasis on mechanistic insights, electrode/catalyst innovations, hybrid AOP synergies, effluent toxicity, and economic feasibility. A key novelty of this work lies in its integrated comparison of standalone versus hybrid AOPs, as well as its inclusion of emerging systems such as metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), mixed-metal oxides (MMOs), bio-electrochemical systems (BES), and microwave-assisted AOPs, all evaluated together for the first time. Electrochemical processes (electro-Fenton, electro-persulfate, and electro-oxidation) demonstrated superior mineralization efficiency and stability, supported by advanced electrodes such as boron-doped diamond (BDD), Ti/SnO2-RuO2, and CO2-modified biochar. Photochemical, sono-chemical, and hybrid processes achieved >90% MP removal, with hybrid systems consistently outperforming standalone methods due to multi-pathway radical generation. A structured toxicity analysis using EC50/LC50 frameworks confirmed significant detoxification, though ozonation-based AOPs require careful by-product control. Economic comparison highlights the feasibility of solar-driven and modular AOPs, particularly for low- and middle-income regions. Critical research gaps are identified in scale-up, cost, by-product fate, and long-term catalyst durability, offering pathways for future sustainable AOP deployment.