MULTIPLICATIVE TEMPERED FRACTIONAL INTEGRALS IN G-CALCULUS AND ASSOCIATED HERMITE–HADAMARD-TYPE INEQUALITIES


LAKHDARI A., Saleh W., BUDAK H., Meftah B., Jarad F.

Fractals, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus) identifier identifier

  • Publication Type: Article / Article
  • Publication Date: 2026
  • Doi Number: 10.1142/s0218348x26500246
  • Journal Name: Fractals
  • Journal Indexes: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Compendex, INSPEC, zbMATH
  • Keywords: fractional calculus, G-calculus, GA-convexity, GG-convexity, multiplicative Riemann–Liouville integrals, multiplicative tempered integrals
  • Kocaeli University Affiliated: Yes

Abstract

This paper introduces the first theory of tempered fractional integrals within the framework of G-calculus, a multiplicative non-Newtonian system for positive-valued functions with positive arguments. We begin by formulating the multiplicative Riemann–Liouville integral in its pure multiplicative form and extend it to include an exponential tempering parameter. A new multiplicative λ-incomplete Gamma function is defined to characterize these operators. Furthermore, we introduce and analyze multiplicative convexity in G-calculus, along with novel multiplicative formulations of the classical midpoint and trapezoidal quadrature rules. We then establish the Hermite–Hadamard inequalities for GG-convex functions and derive two novel multiplicative integral identities, leading to midpoint- and trapezium-type bounds. Numerical examples with graphical illustrations, applications to quadrature rules, and connections to special means validate our results. The proposed framework fills a critical gap in non-Newtonian analysis and provides new tools for modeling scale-invariant phenomena in economics, biology, and signal processing.