Artificial Intelligence and Energy Efficiency in the EU: A Dynamic Panel Approach

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SOLMAZ A. R., EMİKÖNEL M., SOYLU Ö. B., Radulescu M.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH, cilt.2025, sa.1, 2025 (SCI-Expanded) identifier identifier

  • Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
  • Cilt numarası: 2025 Sayı: 1
  • Basım Tarihi: 2025
  • Doi Numarası: 10.1155/er/3409830
  • Dergi Adı: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH
  • Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Academic Search Premier, PASCAL, Aerospace Database, Agricultural & Environmental Science Database, Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA), Communication Abstracts, Compendex, Environment Index, INSPEC, Metadex, Pollution Abstracts, Civil Engineering Abstracts
  • Açık Arşiv Koleksiyonu: AVESİS Açık Erişim Koleksiyonu
  • Kocaeli Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

Energy intensity comes to the forefront in evaluating the efficiency of energy consumption in economic activities. While countries' environmental policies, production techniques, and foreign trade frameworks have an impact on energy intensity, today the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) and related factors on energy intensity has also begun to be examined. This research analyzes the influence of AI on energy intensity utilizing data from 2005 to 2022 for 27 European Union (EU) nations. An AI index was initially established via the PCA approach incorporating 15 AI-related factors. The two-stage system generalized method of moments (GMM) was employed to ascertain the impacts of the pertinent AI index, trade openness, industrial production, and governance factors on energy intensity. The results indicate that the prevalence of AI technologies, the degree of trade openness, and the level of industrial production enhance energy efficiency. Nonetheless, the regulatory quality (RQ) fails to convey a favorable impression about the assurance of energy efficiency. The findings underscore the necessity of incorporating AI into strategies aimed at enhancing energy efficiency in manufacturing processes for policymakers and stakeholders in industrial production.