Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
FOOD BIOSCIENCE, cilt.68, 2025 (SCI-Expanded)
Boron, a trace element found in fruits, and vegetables has gained attention for its therapeutic potential. Boron derivatives, sodium pentaborate pentahydrate (SPP) and sodium perborate tetrahydrate (SPT), have recently been shown to exhibit diverse biological activities, including anti-cancer effects. Prostate cancer poses significant challenges in advanced stages due to treatment resistance and limited therapeutic options. This study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanisms of SPP and SPT in androgen-dependent LNCaP and androgen-independent DU145 prostate cancer cells using proteomic approaches. Cytotoxicity and apoptosis were assessed through WST1 assays, flow cytometry, and Western blot analysis, while proteomic changes were analyzed via label-free quantification with nano-LC-MS/MS. Bioinformatics tools were employed to identify enriched pathways and protein networks. Both treatments demonstrated selective anti-cancer effects, significantly reducing cell viability and inducing apoptosis. SPT exhibited stronger apoptotic activity compared to SPP, which did not induce significant apoptosis in LNCaP cells. Proteomic analysis revealed significant disruptions in mitochondrial pathways, including oxidative phosphorylation and energy metabolism. In DU145 cells, SPT treatment further influenced RNA processing and gene expression pathways, highlighting its role in transcriptional regulation and cellular stress responses. Key mitochondrial regulators, such as ACSL3, PYCR1, and PYCR2, were found to be downregulated across all treatment groups, suggesting impairments in lipid metabolism. This study suggests, for the first time, that SPP and SPT selectively target mitochondrial function and RNA metabolism in prostate cancer cells, with distinct mechanisms depending on androgen status. These findings highlight their potential as multitargeted therapeutic agents in cancer treatment.