Performance Analysis of RIS-Assisted Large-Scale MIMO Systems with Eigenmode Beamforming under Hardware Imperfections
IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
- Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
- Basım Tarihi: 2026
- Doi Numarası: 10.1109/tvt.2026.3713803
- Dergi Adı: IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology
- Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Aerospace Database, Compendex, INSPEC, Materials Science & Engineering Collection (ProQuest), Technology Collection (ProQuest)
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Eigenmode Beamforming, Hardware Impairments, MIMO, Outage Probability, Random Matrix Theory, Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces
- Kocaeli Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS) combined with multi-antenna transceivers are expected to play a key role in future wireless networks by enhancing coverage, spectral efficiency, and reliability. In this paper, we present a comprehensive performance analysis of RIS-assisted large-scale multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems under practical hardware constraints, including quantized phase shifts, phase-dependent amplitude responses, and channel estimation errors. Focusing on single-layer transmission with optimal combining, the received signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) are characterized in terms of the maximum eigenvalue of the cascaded channel Gramian matrix. Closed-form cumulative distribution function (CDF) expressions are derived under the Gaussian/Wishart surrogate model for finite antenna dimensions, enabling the evaluation of outage probability, diversity order, and coding gain under both perfect and imperfect channel state information. It is shown that the complexity of the finite-dimensional closed-form analysis grows rapidly with the minimum number of transmit and receive antennas, rendering it impractical for large-scale systems. To address this limitation, asymptotic outage expressions are developed using random matrix theory, where the distributions of the SNR and SINR are accurately approximated by the Tracy–Widom law in regimes with simultaneously large transceiver arrays and sufficiently large RIS sizes. The proposed framework provides fundamental performance-limit insights for RIS-assisted MIMO systems and reveals the antenna and RIS dimension requirements needed to achieve a target outage probability. The accuracy of the analytical results is validated through extensive Monte Carlo simulations, demonstrating excellent agreement with the theoretical predictions across a wide range of system configurations.