Phase Change Materials in Lightweight and Heavyweight Building Envelopes
11th International Conference on Smart and Sustainable Technologies, SpliTech 2026, Hybrid, Split and Bol, Hırvatistan, 23 - 26 Haziran 2026, (Tam Metin Bildiri)
- Yayın Türü: Bildiri / Tam Metin Bildiri
- Doi Numarası: 10.23919/splitech70133.2026.11685471
- Basıldığı Şehir: Hybrid, Split and Bol
- Basıldığı Ülke: Hırvatistan
- Anahtar Kelimeler: CO2 emission, energy efficiency, energy saving, lightweight and heavyweight buildings, Phase change material, thermal inertia, thermal mass
- Kocaeli Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
Phase change materials (PCMs) have gained significant attention as an effective solution for improving building energy performance by utilizing latent heat storage. In this study, a numerical analysis was conducted to evaluate the thermal and environmental performance of different PCM types (RT18, RT21, and RT25) and their corresponding phase shift materials (PSMs) under various conditions. Particular emphasis was placed on comparing the performance of lightweight (LW) and heavyweight (HW) building structures. The analysis considered different PCM thicknesses (10, 20, and 30 mm), climates (Csa and Dfb), and envelope locations (close to the inner or outer surface). The results were evaluated in terms of annual energy load, energy savings, latent heat contribution, and CO2 emissions. The results indicate that HW buildings consistently exhibit lower annual energy loads than LW buildings due to their higher thermal mass. However, LW buildings demonstrate greater relative energy savings when PCM is integrated into the building envelope. The optimal configurations differ depending on the climate. For the Csa climate (Sanlurfa), the highest energy savings are achieved with RT21, reaching 10.5%, whereas for the Dfb climate (Erzurum), the best performance is obtained with RT18, with energy savings up to 13.9%. In both climates, the optimal configuration corresponds to LW buildings with a 30 mm PCM layer located close to the inner surface. Overall, the integration of PCM into building envelopes leads to a reduction in total annual energy load and contributes to improved energy performance under different climatic and structural conditions.