Metastatic lobular breast carcinoma positive for syndecan-1 mimicking a plasma cell neoplasm: a case report


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Yaprak Bayrak B., Tunce E. B., İşgören S., Cantürk N. Z.

Journal of Trends in Medical Investigation (JTMI), vol.2, no.1, pp.44-51, 2026 (Peer-Reviewed Journal)

Abstract

The metastases of breast cancer to bone marrow can mimic plasma cell neoplasia morphologically due to

presence of plasma cell-like neoplastic cells and even positive staining for a carcinoma metastasis with plasma

cell marker CD138/ Syndecan-1 may cause confusion in diagnosis. This case report details a 71-year-old female

initially suspected of plasma cell myeloma due to hypercalcemia and multiple lytic bone lesions. However,

a bone marrow biopsy revealed syndecan-1 positive metastatic lobular breast cancer mimicking a plasma

cell neoplasm. Bone marrow aspirate smears and the bone marrow biopsy showed plasmacytoid cells that

were strongly positive for syndecan-1, indicating metastatic lobular breast carcinoma. The overexpression of

syndecan-1 was a critical marker in identifying the breast cancer cells, emphasizing the diagnostic challenges

when syndecan-1 positive metastatic lobular BC presents with plasmacytoid features.